Numerical Treatment of Catenary Systems

The Catenary and Tame Degree of Numerical Semigroups

We construct an algorithmwhich computes the catenary and tame degree of a numerical semigroup. As an example we explicitly calculate the catenary and tame degree of numerical semigroups generated by arithmetical sequences in terms of their first element, the number of elements in the sequence and the difference between two consecutive elements of the sequence.

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On Modelling and Control of Pantograph Catenary Systems

The paper describes modelling and control techniques studied and applied to selected pantograph-catenary (PAC) systems. The work has been co-funded by the European Union under the ERDF project: PAntograph-Catenary Interaction Framework for Intelligent Control (PACIFIC). Mechanical models of PAC systems are implemented in MATLAB using novel techniques, where applicable. Next, important physical ...

Catenary and autotransformer coupled optimization for 2x25kV systems planning

In the design process of a 2x25kV power supply, the location and sizing of autotransformers and the choice of the catenary type are usually two aspects very closely interrelated. As a result, the number of autotransformers can normally be reduced or augmented if the catenary is upgraded or downgraded respectively. In this paper, coupling equations between these two aspects are described in deta...

The catenary degrees of elements in numerical monoids of embedding dimension three